Google has specified updated requirements for devices applying for certification to use the Android 15 operating system. These changes impact both hardware and software, with increased focus on storage and memory standards.
One of the primary requirements is that certified Android 15 devices must have at least 32 GB of permanent memory. Despite this, some budget models with only 16 GB are still being released. The rule, first introduced with Android 13, remains the same in Android 15: 75% of the total permanent memory must be available for installing user data.
It’s important to note that Google cannot legally restrict manufacturers from releasing smartphones with less than 32 GB of memory if they use the open-source version of Android (AOSP), due to its licensing terms. However, for devices seeking Google Mobile Services (GMS) certification, these restrictions apply. GMS, a proprietary technology, requires compliance with conditions outlined in the confidential GMS Requirements document. Most manufacturers follow these rules, as devices without GMS cannot include Google Play Store or other key services.
Notably, while the minimum flash memory has increased, Android 15 does not set requirements for storage speed. This allows manufacturers to continue using slower eMMC memory instead of the more advanced UFS.
To receive GMS certification, Android 15 devices must also meet updated RAM requirements. Devices with 2 GB of RAM must support the Low-Memory Optimization tool from the OS, just like in Android 14. Now, this requirement also extends to devices with 3 GB of RAM. For devices with 4 GB of RAM, usage of this optimization remains optional for now—but this may change in future updates. We’ll keep you updated as more integrations become available.
Safety, Connectivity, and Graphics Requirements
Google has introduced new user safety features for cellular devices running Android 15 or later. These devices must allow users to share their emergency contacts’ data with emergency location services during emergency calls. This function enables emergency responders to access additional information or notify emergency contacts when needed. Google requires transparent disclosure of what data may be shared and mandates that no contact information is shared without explicit user consent, notes NIXsolutions.
In terms of graphics, Android 15 now requires processors to support Vulkan 1.3 or higher and to comply with the Android Baseline 2022 and relevant Vulkan profiles. Devices must also include ANGLE libraries, allowing developers to run older apps and games by translating OpenGL ES calls to Vulkan. While ANGLE is optional in Android 15, it is expected to become a default requirement in Android 16.
Additionally, Google recommends that Android 15 devices use hardware supporting Bluetooth 5.0 or above, particularly for compatibility with hearing aids using Bluetooth LE via the ASHA protocol. Support for Widevine L1 is also encouraged, along with enabling secure decoders for formats like AVC, HEVC, VP9, and AV1. These, too, are expected to become mandatory with Android 16.